tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-38547121.post5966419208649637297..comments2008-10-27T21:01:10.324-04:00Comments on Mrs. Perry's Classroom Blog: Science Questions for Dr. PerryM. Ells Perryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01648311498026284696noreply@blogger.comBlogger100125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-38547121.post-84712308149170397142008-05-30T12:39:00.000-04:002008-05-30T12:39:00.000-04:00How far away does a object need to be so that we c...How far away does a object need to be so that we can hear it crash into something.Louishttps://www.blogger.com/profile/13793283506476415162noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-38547121.post-26682175446180534022008-05-30T12:36:00.000-04:002008-05-30T12:36:00.000-04:00Where is the closes but also more brighter and big...Where is the closes but also more brighter and bigger than the sun?Louishttps://www.blogger.com/profile/13793283506476415162noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-38547121.post-12659733987535907782008-05-30T12:34:00.000-04:002008-05-30T12:34:00.000-04:00is there any other object i the whole entire univ...is there any other object i the whole entire universe that could stastain life on it that is not earthLouishttps://www.blogger.com/profile/13793283506476415162noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-38547121.post-55873464110675719272008-05-30T12:32:00.000-04:002008-05-30T12:32:00.000-04:00How strong is the strongest gravatational pull of ...How strong is the strongest gravatational pull of a object in over universe not counting a blackhole?Louishttps://www.blogger.com/profile/13793283506476415162noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-38547121.post-14847410638891262472008-04-23T14:29:00.000-04:002008-04-23T14:29:00.000-04:001.) Will the world ever end if so what will it loo...1.) Will the world ever end if so what will it look like and will we be a dwarf planet like pluto?<BR/><BR/>2.) Will al the other planets become a dwarf planet?Andrehttps://www.blogger.com/profile/15639211547040405914noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-38547121.post-27752763160910182622008-04-23T14:28:00.000-04:002008-04-23T14:28:00.000-04:00When will it take for a astriod to hit earth?When will it take for a astriod to hit earth?Louishttps://www.blogger.com/profile/13793283506476415162noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-38547121.post-86699458741292907162008-04-23T14:26:00.000-04:002008-04-23T14:26:00.000-04:00How close can a comet come but miss earth?How close can a comet come but miss earth?Louishttps://www.blogger.com/profile/13793283506476415162noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-38547121.post-85783495551428208512008-04-23T14:24:00.000-04:002008-04-23T14:24:00.000-04:00How could we tell that a blackhaole was entering o...How could we tell that a blackhaole was entering our solar sytem , would we feel right away pull or wait alitte to feel it?Louishttps://www.blogger.com/profile/13793283506476415162noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-38547121.post-83208790647994260262008-04-21T12:13:00.000-04:002008-04-21T12:13:00.000-04:00Can the Gravitation pull of a bigger star from 1,0...Can the Gravitation pull of a bigger star from 1,000 Killometers away come close enough to pull us out of our orbit?Louishttps://www.blogger.com/profile/13793283506476415162noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-38547121.post-56898721993653471532008-04-16T15:31:00.000-04:002008-04-16T15:31:00.000-04:00Here are more answers from Dr. ClarkDo black holes...Here are more answers from Dr. Clark<BR/><BR/><BR/>Do black holes ever die?<BR/><BR/>Possibly. If the expanding universe eventually contracts and collapses<BR/>on itself, all existing black holes should be destroyed. Very small black<BR/>holes (none are known to exist) can theoretically lose mass by the <BR/>Bekenstein-Hawking process. This process works by creating matter-<BR/>antimatter pairs near the event horizon of a black hole. One particle<BR/>gets sucked into the black hole, the other escapes. The smaller the <BR/>black hole, the more rapid the loss. Larger black holes can also lose <BR/>mass from this effect, but the loss is almost negligible.<BR/><BR/><BR/>How are craters on the moon formed?<BR/><BR/>Craters on the moon are formed by the impact of smaller bodies<BR/>(e.g. asteroids and comets). On the moon, these craters last for a <BR/>long time. The earth also is impacted by asteroids and comets.<BR/>But craters on the earth are quickly eroded by rain, wind and <BR/>tectonic forces. There are a few craters on earth recent enough that<BR/>they can be visited (like Berringer's Crater near Winslow, AZ).<BR/>Some very large old craters can be seen in satellite photos, but<BR/>image processing (and a good imagination) is often required.<BR/><BR/><BR/>What happens to things when they are sucked in a black hole?<BR/><BR/>For black holes of stellar origin (about 4 to 15 solar masses),<BR/>tidal forces would rip you apart as you approached the "event<BR/>horizon". This horizon is the point of no return. After you pass the<BR/>event horizon and approach the center of the black hole, you are <BR/>crushed to a very small (zero?) size. We have no way of observing<BR/>what happens inside a black hole, because even light cannot get out.<BR/><BR/><BR/>When the sun goes into red giant phase will we all die?<BR/><BR/>In about 5 billion years, when the sun starts burning helium and enters<BR/>the red giant phase, its outer edge will approach the present orbit of the <BR/>Earth. The atmosphere will be lost, the oceans will boil (and the resulting<BR/>water vapor will be lost), and the remains of the earth will be very hot.<BR/>Life (as we know it) will be impossible. But we have 5 billion years to<BR/>plan our escape.<BR/><BR/>What is dark matter?<BR/><BR/>Dark matter is a hypothetical form of matter that cannot be observed<BR/>directly (by emitting radiation of any type), but is inferred by its gravitational<BR/>effects. Only about 4% of the "required" total mass (or energy) in the universe is<BR/>observable. Current theories say that about 20% of this missing material is in the<BR/>form of dark matter. The rest is thought to be in the form of "dark energy". Not too<BR/>much is known about either dark matter or dark energy.<BR/><BR/>What is plasma?<BR/><BR/>A plasma is a hot, ionized gas. Most of the universe (including all the<BR/>stars) is in the plasma state. In an ionized gas, one or more electrons<BR/>are stripped away from each atom. <BR/><BR/>Why is it that the Bigger the planet the more gravitational pull it has like Jupiter.<BR/><BR/>Matter is attracted gravitationally to other matter. The attraction takes the form<BR/><BR/> F = G m(1) m(2) / R(1-2)^2<BR/><BR/>Where F is the force of attraction, G is the gravitational constant, m(1) is the mass <BR/>of body 1, m(2) is the mass of body 2, and R(1-2) is the distance between them.<BR/>Jupiter is very massive (it is 319 times the mass of the earth and 11 times the radius<BR/>of the earth). The gravitational acceleration at a given distance from a planet is directly<BR/>proportional to the total mass of the planet. The force decreases with the square of <BR/>distance from the center of the planet. The surface of Jupiter is 44000 miles from its <BR/>center. At this point, the gravitational acceleration is about 2.64 times the gravitational<BR/>acceleration at the earth's surface (4000 miles from the center). At the same distance<BR/>as above (44000 miles) the acceleration for earth is 11x11=121 times less. Thus it is <BR/>319 times less (11x11x2.64) than the Jupiter case.Dr. Perryhttps://www.blogger.com/profile/04796792206606220455noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-38547121.post-32619273662653898382008-04-08T15:31:00.000-04:002008-04-08T15:31:00.000-04:00Louis,I'll talk about the oldest star a bit later ...Louis,<BR/><BR/>I'll talk about the oldest star a bit later but here is something that might interest you.<BR/><BR/>NASA reports: <BR/>WASHINGTON - A powerful stellar explosion detected March 19 by NASA's Swift satellite has shattered the record for the most distant object that could be seen with the naked eye.<BR/><BR/>The explosion was a gamma ray burst. Most gamma ray bursts occur when massive stars run out of nuclear fuel. Their cores collapse to form black holes or neutron stars, releasing an intense burst of high-energy gamma rays and ejecting particle jets that rip through space at nearly the speed of light like turbocharged cosmic blowtorches. When the jets plow into surrounding interstellar clouds, they heat the gas, often generating bright afterglows. Gamma ray bursts are the most luminous explosions in the universe since the big bang.<BR/><BR/>Go to: http://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/news/topstory/2008/brightest_grb.html<BR/><BR/>for more details and pictures.Dr. Perryhttps://www.blogger.com/profile/04796792206606220455noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-38547121.post-41975974573171558822008-04-02T09:04:00.000-04:002008-04-02T09:04:00.000-04:00What is the oldest star that can be found with you...What is the oldest star that can be found with your telscope?Louishttps://www.blogger.com/profile/13793283506476415162noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-38547121.post-26129322544126604612008-04-02T09:03:00.000-04:002008-04-02T09:03:00.000-04:00If you were deduce the size the universe into a ea...If you were deduce the size the universe into a earth object what would it be and if you were how big would our earth be and our sun?Louishttps://www.blogger.com/profile/13793283506476415162noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-38547121.post-47786983925540573612008-04-02T09:00:00.000-04:002008-04-02T09:00:00.000-04:00How old can a blackhole be?How old can a blackhole be?Louishttps://www.blogger.com/profile/13793283506476415162noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-38547121.post-49146847168786734102008-04-02T08:59:00.000-04:002008-04-02T08:59:00.000-04:00What is the oldest age of a blackhole you can find...What is the oldest age of a blackhole you can find?Louishttps://www.blogger.com/profile/13793283506476415162noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-38547121.post-41862574656675493782008-04-02T08:58:00.000-04:002008-04-02T08:58:00.000-04:00Why is it that the Bigger the planet the more grav...Why is it that the Bigger the planet the more gravitational pull it has like Jupiter.Louishttps://www.blogger.com/profile/13793283506476415162noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-38547121.post-78912077959221977862008-03-06T10:47:00.000-05:002008-03-06T10:47:00.000-05:00Here are answers to Louis' questions that Dr. Clar...Here are answers to Louis' questions that Dr. Clark answered.<BR/><BR/><BR/>1) Can two planets crash into each other and form one planet?<BR/><BR/>Yes, but it is not that simple. If the planets are large (like the Earth), they will experience tidal forces as they get close to each other. Tidal forces occur because the gravitational force due to planet A is different at different points on planet B (and vice-versa). These forces get big enough to rip the planets apart when they get too close. There would also be substantial melting as the planets got close. If the planets miss each other by a small amount (say a couple of planetary diameters), there would still be some melting and tidal breakup, but the planets would swing by each other, although their velocities would be substantially altered. If they made a direct hit (much less likely), much of the planetary material would be thrown off in various directions, but the bulk of the material could coalesce into a new planet.<BR/><BR/>2) What would happen if a planet crashed into the sun?<BR/><BR/>The planet would experience tidal forces as it approached the surface of the sun, and there would be substantial melting accompanying the tidal breakup. Eventually, as the planet moved within the sun, complete melting would occur.<BR/><BR/>3) What would happen if a black hole gotten too close to the sun what would happen?<BR/><BR/>The sun and black hole would orbit around each other. How strongly it would interact with the sun depends on the size of the black hole and the radius of the orbit. Typically, it would gravitationally attract material from the outer regions of the sun. As this material was slowly drawn into the black hole, an accretion disk would form around the black hole. Much energy in the form of radiation (e.g. x-rays) and gravitational waves would be given off as material got sucked into the black hole. The sun would slowly get smaller and the black hole bigger. But a black hole with a mass of the Sun is not very large (it is only about 3 kilometers in radius).<BR/><BR/>4) If a black hole sucks a sun in what would happen?<BR/><BR/>The process of sucking the sun in would resemble the process described above. When enough material is removed from the sun, the nuclear processes powering the star can be changed, and the characteristics of the sun are altered.<BR/><BR/>5) If two suns got into the others magnetic field what would happen?<BR/><BR/>The magnetic field of the sun extends for many millions of miles. It gets weaker as the distance from the sun increases. Unless the stars got fairly close together, the interaction of their magnetic fields would not have important effects. There would be effects involving energetic ions, etc.<BR/><BR/>6) What happens when something is too big to go down the black hole’s mouth?<BR/><BR/>A black hole does not have a mouth, but it does have an "event horizon". The event horizon is the radius (the Schwarzschild radius) at which material coming into the black hole is forever lost. Before it reaches this point, tidal forces rip it apart. Now black holes come in different sizes. Let's say you could take the Earth and turn it into a black hole. The Schwarzschild radius would be about 9 millimeters. If the Earth encountered such a black hole, it would get torn apart by tidal forces as it got close enough (see question 1). But only material near the event horizon would actually get sucked in.Dr. Perryhttps://www.blogger.com/profile/04796792206606220455noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-38547121.post-20395692179189011702008-03-03T12:16:00.000-05:002008-03-03T12:16:00.000-05:00Louis saidWhat if two meteors or more crash into e...Louis said<BR/><BR/>What if two meteors or more crash into each other would it cause such an explosion that it could be heard trillions miles away?<BR/> <BR/>If two meteors collided in the Earth’s atmosphere, there would be a shockwave that would be quite loud – depending on the size of the meteors. However, if the collision occurred in space, there would be no sound since sound needs a medium (air in this case) to travel through.<BR/> <BR/><BR/> <BR/>Louis said...<BR/> What is a definition of a supernova?<BR/><BR/>A supernova is one of the most energetic explosive events known. A supernova occurs at the end of a star's lifetime, when its nuclear fuel is exhausted and it is no longer supported by the release of nuclear energy. If the star is particularly massive, then its core will collapse and in so doing will release a huge amount of energy. This will cause a blast wave that ejects the star's envelope into interstellar space. The result of the collapse may be, in some cases, a rapidly rotating neutron star that can be observed many years later as a radio pulsar.Dr. Perryhttps://www.blogger.com/profile/04796792206606220455noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-38547121.post-80726934696698943632008-03-01T15:44:00.000-05:002008-03-01T15:44:00.000-05:00What is a defenation for a supernova?What is a defenation for a supernova?Louishttps://www.blogger.com/profile/13793283506476415162noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-38547121.post-58706089956257291142008-02-28T14:24:00.000-05:002008-02-28T14:24:00.000-05:00What happens when someting s too big to go down th...What happens when someting s too big to go down the blackhole's mouth?Louishttps://www.blogger.com/profile/13793283506476415162noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-38547121.post-45716312808574649352008-02-28T14:22:00.000-05:002008-02-28T14:22:00.000-05:00What if two metor or more crash into each other wo...What if two metor or more crash into each other would it cause such a explosion that it could be heard trillions miles away or what?Louishttps://www.blogger.com/profile/13793283506476415162noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-38547121.post-44584445436094284092008-02-28T14:20:00.000-05:002008-02-28T14:20:00.000-05:00How about if two suns got into the others magent f...How about if two suns got into the others magent field what would happen?Louishttps://www.blogger.com/profile/13793283506476415162noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-38547121.post-32706669002055172822008-02-28T14:18:00.000-05:002008-02-28T14:18:00.000-05:00If a blackhole sucks a sun in what would happen?If a blackhole sucks a sun in what would happen?Louishttps://www.blogger.com/profile/13793283506476415162noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-38547121.post-89577199904661167512008-02-28T14:17:00.000-05:002008-02-28T14:17:00.000-05:00What would happen if a blackhole gotten too close ...What would happen if a blackhole gotten too close to the sun what would happen?Louishttps://www.blogger.com/profile/13793283506476415162noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-38547121.post-22217262912096142232008-02-28T14:16:00.000-05:002008-02-28T14:16:00.000-05:00What would happen if a planet crash into the sun?What would happen if a planet crash into the sun?Louishttps://www.blogger.com/profile/13793283506476415162noreply@blogger.com